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Assessing the Value of the CFA Charter

Jul 10 2007

Jon Jacobs

Is the Chartered Financial Analyst program a victim of its own success, awarding so many charters that its market value is diluted? In a word, no.

Several eFC readers responded to our past stories about the CFA designation by asserting the charter is no longer viewed as a mark of distinction by finance industry professionals. So, we put the question directly to a number of financial-career professionals. None voiced any reservations about the respect or value a CFA charter confers on a job-seeker.

"Getting through all three levels of the CFA is a great achievement…. I don't hear from any of the business people I work with that it's lost any of its luster," said Barbara Smith, head of campus recruiting in North America for JPMorgan Chase.

"It's looked upon as a badge of honor," added Glenn Buggy, a partner in the asset management and wealth management practice at CTPartners, the worldwide executive search firm formerly known as Christian & Timbers.

Indeed, in conversations with dozens of retainer and contingency recruiters, Wall Street hiring managers, career counselors, and career management authors, we have yet to hear even one say the program's luster has faded.

Most Don't Earn the Charter

To be sure, the CFA is more useful in some financial fields than others. A spot check of 30 recent eFC job postings containing the phrase "portfolio manager" found 13 that mentioned a CFA charter or program participation as preferred or required. However, a similar check using the phrase "investment banker" found just three out of 30 referenced the CFA program.

The number of CFA holders - and the number of people progressing through the three-stage program - has rocketed in the past decade and a half. There are now 78,000 CFA charter holders. In 1990, the number was just 10,000. Some 140,000 candidates registered to take one of the three CFA exams during the year ended June 30, 2007, a 20 percent increase from the previous year.

Only 19 percent of candidates who enter the program end up getting the charter, says Robert R. Johnson, managing director of the CFA Institute's education division.

The charter's value doesn't come through scarcity, says Johnson. Rather, it stems from recognition that those who attain the charter meet a high standard. The worldwide expansion of the program is, in part, a reflection of that growing recognition. For instance, Johnson says the central banks of Korea and Singapore have made CFA participation mandatory for certain positions.

'MBA on Steroids'

Recruiters share that view.

"The CFA is still a really valid credential. It's still as hard as ever to achieve it, and I think it still adds a lot of value," says Sandy Gross, managing partner and founder of Pinetum Partners LLC. She even likens the designation to "an MBA on steroids," due to the program's focus on investment knowledge.

While noting that actual experience is more important than any formal credential, Gross says a CFA charter brings credibility because it signals a job-seeker's commitment. With so many individuals now angling to enter the hedge fund world, her recruiting specialty, she says, "The people that are taking the time or showing the initiative to get the CFA are showing that they're really serious about wanting to go into hedge funds, as opposed to simply saying, 'I want to go into hedge funds.'"

CTPartners' Glenn Buggy calls the charter better than an MBA for the asset management roles he recruits for. "To be able to play in the game now, you have to have the most modern financial tool kit that you can," Buggy says. "It's not diluted at all. You need to have it in order to be able to compete for the best positions."

For junior or entry-level applicants, having the charter improves a candidate's odds of getting an offer from the most desirable employers, Buggy says. That tends to translate into better compensation.

His colleague Dennis Grant calls the designation "a plus" for portfolio manager roles in hedge funds he covers - but not a requirement. "I've never had anybody come to me and say, 'I'm not going to hire this guy because he doesn't have a CFA,'" Grant says.

In a recent presentation to the New York Society of Security Analysts, Vicky Oliver, author of 301 Smart Answers to Tough Interview Questions, placed the absence of a CFA at the top of her list of barriers to getting one's first financial job. "If you possibly can, I would say that you should become a charter holder," Oliver said. "I think if you don't have the CFA, that is a big barrier and you need to be prepared to discuss why you don't have it."

Comments (82)

"Having the CFA designation puts you in a class that an MBA does not. I have many coworkers that have an "Ivy league MBA" that have failed Level 1 miserably."

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Comments (82)

  • We wonder why its so difficult to find quality european and american graduates. And those we do find are usually from ethnic backgrounds.
    Yes an MBA from a top 10 school is worthwhile, but not the content its the kudos of getting i n and the contacts you make.

    The CFA is a high quality qualification. Maybe the increase in chinese and indians with it may be an indication why their economies and financial industries haven't blown up with incompetence.

    The fact its open competition means you have to have real ability to pass it.

    jo cohen 23 Aug 2009

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  • One thing for sure... CFA adds a lot of structured knowledge and makes u more confident. It starts building from Level 1.

    Too many Indians and Chinese get it coz they are smart enough to do it so easily.  BTW Indians and Chiness kick asses in the likes of Harvard, Wharton and LSB etc so sceptics can check the stats also...

    Well with $3 an hour they live a better life buying in the best superstores rather than cheapsters like Wal Mart and Aldi..

    And those who dubb it useless should sit thru all the 3 levels. MBA jus t touches upto level 2

    Bikahs 12 Aug 2009

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  • CFA will smash the MBA (even top tier) on ROI.  You don't need to spend $60K a year to end up getting a $100K job.  Its more like you spend $3K-$4K and you end up with an 80K job with unlimited growth potential (MBA pays more at the onset because presumably you have more experience).  Another thing: not everyone is fortunate enough to be able to go to a top tier MBA without going broke.  Further, an MBA from a school that's not top tier will barely even add any incremental value, hence unless you are going top tier I woudn't even bother with it.

    Huongz 13 Jul 2009

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  • Having the CFA designation puts you in a class that an MBA does not.  I have many coworkers that have an "Ivy league MBA" that have failed Level 1 miserably.  In my opinion, pay enough money to any institution and you'll get your MBA, but with the CFA you still have to pass the tests (no matter who your daddy knows or how much money he has).

    mike 11 Jun 2009

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  • In order to be awarded the right to use the CFA designation, you must have 4 years of accepted work experience. According to the rules, one cannot just pass the exams and use the designation, although one can sit for the exams (and pass all three) without any relevant experience. So theoretically, no person with the CFA designation would be seeking their "first" job in the financial industry. A person who has passed all three levels can be looking for their first job in the industry, but at that point, s/he isn't considered a CFA charterholder yet (after 4 years of work, s/he can notify CFAI and then add the letters). I know both MBAs and CFAs - like with any schooling, it's a use it or lose it sort of thing. Experience definitely makes the big difference - a lot of people with just Bachelor's are often times a lot more knowledgeable than those holding MBAs/CFAs. But having more education/letters is always advantageous!

    tjo59 04 Feb 2009

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  • I am annoyed by the racial comment descriminating against white people. Since when have visible 'majorities' (no longer minorities)been free to attack the success of anyone of a different skin colour or refer to them as 'WASPs'. Perhaps the fact that more white MBA/CFAs get hired then 'other' MBA/CFAs because more white people have the designations then do the 'others'. Also, I'm sick of all this affirmative action garbage, its no different then native rights and benefits. It was hundreds of years ago, time to step up to the plate and play on an even playing field and stop crying 'racism!' when things don't work out how you would like. There is no benefit to a business by hiring someone based on colour, all that matters in this highly competitive world is hiring the best person for the job and thats all that firms look for unless you're a 'visible majority' in which case you have an edge. If barrack can become president (as he should have) then visible majorities can get white collar jobs without filling some quota.

    Jerome Rosenbaum 07 Dec 2008

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  • MBA's are cocky and arrogant; those who have MBA's and do not slag down CFA's whould get one if they needed it (which is all of those not to arrogant to realize it). The combo is deadly no matter what field, it give depth of knowledge and breadth of knowledge. Both can be beneficial, and neither nor the combo is required, but the certainly either or both is an enhancement of a resume devoid of such. CPA's are different all together, they teach how to create statements but not what they mean or how to apply them (though I admit, its not a big stretch to figure that out). Either way, a CFA is the gold standard.  Some MBA's are great, some are useless. Certainly, some CFA's are useless and merely test takers, some are fantastic. The true skills to have in the obvious field of choice are personal skills. It is a field highlighted and overburdened with number crunchers and book worms who spent they undergrad in a library instead of out drinking and have random sex, etc. There in lies the discount of the slag that the CFA is dominated by 'Indians' as they by and large cannot communicate well enough I'm afraid. Study hard, be smart, be cool, you'll go far... like it or not.

    Richard Colton 07 Dec 2008

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  • As I said prior, those who degrade the CFA are likely MBA grads threatened by CFA's. Evident of the commitment it takes to complete a CFA, charterholders are more likely to believe in education in comparison to MBA's who are likely to believe more in the prestige of the 'MBA' title. There is no question that the CFA program is more difficult then the MBA and no doubt that those in an MBA program are deserving of so as its very difficult to get into one. They are equal designations that represent different qualities of their holders (a greater level of expertise in one and a greater breadth of knowledge for the other). As a general rule I feel it is safe to say that anyone who can do a CFA, can do an MBA but not all those who can do an MBA can do a CFA. However, neither is required to be successful. You do not have to have a CFA and an MBA, MBA's are sufficient and more applicable to most positions however, few would ever suggest that a CFA would be useless to someone in the field of investments. The best bet is to do your CFA right out of undergrad and then do your MBA when you get some experience and a little bit older (which goes well with the stringent admis. standards of MBA's)

    Richard Colton 07 Dec 2008

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  • The value of a designation is not determined by the number of people who have it, but by the knowledge required to achieve it. Those who claim it to be useful are likely MBA grads who feel threatened by the designation. My suggestion would be to simply get both, but get a CFA first. The relationship between the two (CFA and MBA) was described to me as being this; a CFA is a foot wide and a mile deep, an MBA is a mile wide and a foot deep. Through a CFA you learn all the skills needed for investment analysis devoid of the obvious value of experience. An MBA gives you an understanding of management and the range of skills required to be an effective supervisor (i don't know much more about it as I don't have it...but thats how it was described to me). There is no doubt of the continuing value of the CFA because it is so difficult to complete it and the high degree of specialization of the program. Similarly, an MBA will forever be valuable because of the high difficultly of gaining admission to the programs (the CFA lets anyone with an undergrad degree enroll but makes it hard to pass, the MBA makes it hard to get into a program but easier to pass)

    Richard Colton 07 Dec 2008

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  • I am a graduate of a top North American Economics department, Queen's University (Best in Canada, but admittedly not the same level as Chicago or UPenn but still in their class). The value of the CFA lies in its depth and breadth. It covers a complete but specialized curriculum focused on investment analytics. Undergrads from Economics do not have exposure to finance and accounting which they can gain from a CFA. Similarly, undergrads from a business program do not gain an understanding of the Quantitative methods and Economics presented in the CFA curriculum (most listed Quant and Econ as the most difficult topics of the program and both were my easiest coming from my Econ degree). While certainly business student take SOME econ and econ students take SOME finance/accounting, neither really develop an understanding of each subject to the extent of someone who majors in it (obviously). This is all to say that a CFA exists to fill in the blanks which undergraduate specialization fails to provide. The greatest value however, lies in the commitment it takes to complete the designation. As a self study program, it is not something that can be completed successfully on a whim.

    Richard Colton 07 Dec 2008

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